Section 10 of 10

Batch Billing and SD Period-End Processing

Collective billing, the checks that keep revenue in the right period, and reconciling SD with FI.

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The SD monthly routine exists to make sure nothing goes unbilled and that revenue lands in the right period. Individual documents are processed daily, so the monthly work is largely checking for gaps.

Collective billing

Running VF04
StepWhat happens
1Enter selection criteria โ€” billing date, sales organisation, bill-to party
2The list of documents due to be billed appears
3Review and exclude anything that should not go
4Run collective billing
5Check the log and deal with any failures individually

For high volumes, schedule it as a background job โ€” running overnight leaves only exceptions to handle during the day.

What to check each month

CheckCodeIf ignored
Issued but not billedVF04Revenue is missed and lands in the wrong period
Ordered but not deliveredVL10 / VA05The backlog figure is wrong
Documents under a billing blockV.23Revenue is unintentionally deferred
Documents under a delivery blockVL06OShipments stall
Unprocessed returnsVA05 (type RE)Returns are not reflected
Incomplete documentsV.02Documents cannot move to the next step

Incompleteness

SD has an incompletion log that records documents missing required fields and blocks follow-on processing.

What counts as required is defined in the incompletion procedure โ€” making the customer purchase order number mandatory on an order, or preventing delivery where a ship-to party is missing. List incomplete documents with V.02.

Reconciling with FI

Billing normally posts to FI automatically, but faulty account determination causes the posting to fail and leaves billing documents unaccounted.

VFX3 lists billing documents not yet passed to accounting. Documents sitting there point to account determination configuration (VKOA) or to a closed posting period.

Revenue and period

By default, revenue is recognised in the period of the billing document posting date.

Where revenue is recognised on shipment, a gap between goods issue and billing dates puts them in different periods. Around month end, align the billing posting date with the goods issue date; the posting date can be set manually when the billing document is created.

More complex recognition โ€” on customer acceptance, or over time โ€” calls for the revenue recognition function, or Revenue Accounting and Reporting (RAR) in S/4HANA.

๐Ÿ“– Unfamiliar term? Look it up in the SAP glossary.

Check your understanding

Test what you just read.

Quiz 1

What is the purpose of VF04?

Quiz 2

Cancelling an invoice with VF11 automatically posts a reversal entry to FI.

Quiz 3

Which mechanism automatically assigns GL accounts during SD billing?

Quiz 4

It is recommended to carry over unprocessed deliveries and invoices to the next month during SD month-end closing.

Quiz 5

What does the Account Determination condition type "KOFI" determine?

Quiz 6

Arrange the SD month-end closing steps in the correct order.

Click items in the correct order