Section 10 of 11

Data Dictionary

The three-level type hierarchy, table definitions and indexes, buffering, and foreign keys and search helps.

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The Data Dictionary holds every data definition in the system โ€” tables, views, types and search helps โ€” and is reached through SE11.

Three levels of type

Domain, data element, field
LevelDefinesExample
DomainTechnical attributes: type, length, value range, conversion routineMATNR18
Data elementSemantic attributes: labels, documentation, search helpMATNR, labelled "Material"
Table fieldA column in a tableMARA-MATNR

Several data elements can share a domain โ€” an amount domain used by invoice amount and payment amount โ€” identical technically, different in meaning and label.

Table definition

Parts of a table definition
ElementContent
FieldsColumns, referencing data elements
Primary keyThe fields that uniquely identify a row
Delivery classMaster, transaction or customising data
Maintenance settingsWhether display and maintenance are permitted
Technical settingsData class, size category, buffering
IndexesSecondary indexes for faster access

Indexes

When an index helps
" Index on (WERKS, MATNR, LGORT)

WHERE werks = '1000'                          " helps
WHERE werks = '1000' AND matnr = 'MAT-001'    " helps
WHERE matnr = 'MAT-001'                        " little help
WHERE werks = '1000' AND lgort = '0001'       " little help

Buffering

Buffering options
KindBehaviourSuited to
FullWhole table held in memorySmall customising tables
GenericRows matching the first N key fieldsSettings per client or plant
Single recordOnly accessed rowsFrequently read rows of a large table
NoneAlways read the databaseTransaction data

Other Dictionary objects

ObjectPurpose
TableStoring data
ViewJoining tables or restricting fields
Data element / domainType definitions
StructureA record type that is not a table
Table typeAn internal table type
Search helpF4 value help
Lock objectConcurrency control; generates ENQUEUE and DEQUEUE functions

๐Ÿ“– Unfamiliar term? Look it up in the SAP glossary.

Check your understanding

Test what you just read.

Quiz 1

What is the transaction code for the Data Dictionary?

Quiz 2

Which table type creates a 1:1 corresponding table in the database?

Quiz 3

A Domain defines the semantic information of fields such as labels and help text.

Quiz 4

What is the correct relationship between Data Elements and Domains?

Quiz 5

Search Helps are defined in the Data Dictionary.

Quiz 6

Which Data Dictionary object is used to prevent data inconsistencies from concurrent updates?